More than 20 years have passed since the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, which brought tremendous change to China’s political environment. In the years leading up to Tiananmen, the Chinese were more prone to express their thoughts on political affairs. After Tiananmen, as the Chinese economy began its more market-oriented evolution in the early 1990s, the Chinese people became less interested in politics and more interested in money.
Ideologically, the emerging “Neo-Leftism,” which accepted authoritarianism while emphasizing equality and justice in the path toward economic liberation, gained support among academics. It was also adopted by the Communist Party of China (CPC) as its dominant ideology, in part to enhance the Party’s legitimacy. Meanwhile, the Chinese people became reluctant to promote radical political reform for fear of undermining economic growth and thereby disturbing the social order. In other words, after Tiananmen Square, China entered a phase of relative stability and consensus between the public and the ruling elite
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